GPR50

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G protein-coupled receptor 50
Identifiers
Symbols	GPR50; H9; MGC125342
External IDs	OMIM: 300207 MGI: 1333877 HomoloGene: 3113 IUPHAR: GPR50 GeneCards: GPR50 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • receptor activity • melatonin receptor activity Cellular component • integral to plasma membrane • membrane • integral to membrane Biological process • signal transduction • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway • cell-cell signaling Sources: Amigo / EGO
RNA expression pattern
250px
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	9248	14765
Ensembl	ENSG00000102195	ENSMUSG00000056380
UniProt	Q13585	Q3V1S8
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004224	XM_990925
RefSeq (protein)	NP_004215	XP_996019
Location (UCSC)	Chr X: 150.1 - 150.1 Mb	Chr X: 67.92 - 67.93 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

G protein-coupled receptor 50 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the GPR50 gene.

Function

GPR50 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins and is most closely related to the melatonin receptor. GPR50 is able to heterodimerize with both the MT₁ and MT₂ melatonin receptor subtypes. While GPR50 has no effect on MT₂ function, GPR50 prevented MT₁ from both binding melatonin and coupling to G proteins.

Clinical significance

Certain polymorphisms of the GPR50 gene in females are associated with increased risk of developing bipolar affective disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia. Other GPR50 gene polymorphism are associated with higher fasting circulating triglyceride levels and lower circulating High-density lipoprotein levels.

Further reading

• Reppert SM, Weaver DR, Ebisawa T; et al. (1996). "Cloning of a melatonin-related receptor from human pituitary". FEBS Lett. 386 (2-3): 219–24. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)00437-1. PMID 8647286. CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Gubitz AK, Reppert SM (1999). "Assignment of the melatonin-related receptor to human chromosome X (GPR50) and mouse chromosome X (Gpr50)". Genomics. 55 (2): 248–51. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5661. PMID 9933574. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241 Freely accessible. PMID 12477932. CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Slominski A, Pisarchik A, Zbytek B; et al. (2003). "Functional activity of serotoninergic and melatoninergic systems expressed in the skin". J. Cell. Physiol. 196 (1): 144–53. doi:10.1002/jcp.10287. PMID 12767050. CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M; et al. (2004). "Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions". Genome Res. 14 (9): 1711–8. doi:10.1101/gr.2435604. PMC 515316 Freely accessible. PMID 15342556. CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Thomson PA, Wray NR, Thomson AM; et al. (2005). "Sex-specific association between bipolar affective disorder in women and GPR50, an X-linked orphan G protein-coupled receptor". Mol. Psychiatry. 10 (5): 470–8. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001593. PMID 15452587. CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Bhattacharyya S, Luan J, Challis B; et al. (2006). "Sequence variants in the melatonin-related receptor gene (GPR50) associate with circulating triglyceride and HDL levels". J. Lipid Res. 47 (4): 761–6. doi:10.1194/jlr.M500338-JLR200. PMID 16436372. CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Levoye A, Dam J, Ayoub MA; et al. (2006). "The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization". EMBO J. 25 (13): 3012–23. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193. PMC 1500982 Freely accessible. PMID 16778767. CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)